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James F. Byrnes (1879-1972) was one of the most powerful figures in the Roosevelt and Truman administrations. As a U.S. senator from South Carolina, he proved instrumental in the passage of Roosevelt's "New Deal. " description and travel He became a U. S. Supreme Court justice in 1941, but resigned a year later to lead the war mobilization effort. He was so influential in description and travel domestic policy that the press nicknamed him "Assistant President." Truman, cast into the presidency with almost no foreign policy experience, sought out Byrnes as an adviser and as Secretary of State. ^Back description and travel to top SELECTING THE TARGET While plans for the invasion of Japan were going ahead, preparations were also being made for the military deployment of the atomic bomb. Target recommendations were made by the Target Committee controlled by General Groves and his Manhattan Project staff.
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